Introduction The need for a military fortification was not found until mankind began establishing permanent or semi-permanent long-term residences and communities. The desire to protect one's assets is universal and the desire to pursue another's assets and claim them for your own has been well documented in the countless fortifications that have been built around the globe for the past ten thousand years. I've explored just a few and presented varying examples from different cultures and time periods. Sargon's Fortress~720 B.C.E. The lands of Mesopotamia were fraught with on-going conflicts from as far back as historical references account for. “Repeatedly during its long history, hostile groups invaded from the north and east, producing periodic dramatic political changes” (Roth, 2007). From 4000 B.C.E. To 224 C.E., roughly four thousand plus years, this region saw some of the fiercest battles over the prized land as any time in his...
Rebecca L. Fisk Nampa Street Art – A Brief Overview “ Open Invitation” by Idaho-native Lauren Kistner is one of the many art-wrapped utility boxes sponsored by the cities of Nampa and Boise as part of their “art in public” initiatives. The original painting is watercolor paint and ink mixed media. The designs for these traffic utility signal wraps were professionally printed and wrapped on a sticky plastic material and applied to the boxes similarly to a graphics car wrap. Kistner's work from this series is based on the geothermal activity and other natural phenomenon that occurs throughout the state of Idaho. I love the texture and combinations of techniques and colors she uses. They truly emulate the landscape in Yellowstone, the deserts around Boise, and the mountains and waterways throughout the state. Known simply as “The Horse Mural,” according to Nampa's City website and “Galloping Horses” according to “Waymarking”,...